If you got hurt working a warehouse job in Texas and tried to do a little research to figure out your legal and medical options, you probably ran into a confusing answer. The reason is that there is a very good chance the company you work for does not offer traditional workers’ comp.
Yes, you read that right.
Most of Houston’s biggest distributors, including Amazon, Walmart, Sysco, FedEx, UPS, and the regional trucking and parcel outfits that move freight through the Gulf Coast, have opted out of the state workers’ comp system. That’s perfectly legal. But when that is the case, it changes what you should do, what your options are, who pays for your treatment, and how much you can recover.
But it need not be so confusing. This page will help you understand, in plain English, what you need to know after getting injured at a Texas warehouse or distribution facility.
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There is exactly one state in the country where a private employer can lawfully refuse to carry workers’ compensation, and that state is Texas. Companies that take this route decline to subscribe to the state workers’ comp program and that is why they are referred to as “non-subscribers.” Distribution companies tend to be non-subscribers. Instead, these large distributors run their own internal injured-employee programs.
For the injured Texas worker, the consequences of dealing with a non-subscriber employer are significant. With your employer opting out of the state workers’ comp system, you have
Instead, the company handles the case internally, privately, usually through what is called an “occupational injury benefit plan.” The clinic you are sent to is typically one the company has a contractual relationship with, and the benefits the so-called “benefit plan” pays out are generally capped well below what a hurt distribution or warehouse worker actually needs.
But here is the good news: Being a non-subscriber also comes at a cost to the company. When they walked away from state-run workers’ comp, they also walked away from the immunity that came with it, meaning (and this is the important part) you retain the right to sue them. In a traditional workers’ comp claim, the injured worker gives up the right to sue their employer in exchange for the safety of the state system. But because Texas workers in non-subscriber situations do not have that safety net, they can still sue their employer for their injuries.
It is important to also know that there is a Texas statute working in your favor here. Section 406.033 of the Labor Code, strips a non-subscriber of three defenses it could normally assert in court. The company cannot say
Now, whether you have a case depends on a variety of factors that really must be determined by a good lawyer. That is the first reason why you should strongly consider making a free appointment with one of the experienced non-subscriber injury attorneys at Armstrong Lee & Baker LLP; we are well versed in this area of the law and have recovered millions for our injured clients.
As you know, distribution work tends to run on two tracks. The warehouse half loads and pulls freight, runs the dock, drives forklifts, picks orders, and loads pallets onto trucks. The road half hauls that freight to its destination and then unloads it. The jobs are very different, and therefore so too, not surprisingly, are the injuries.
On the warehouse side, the cause of an injury is usually some combination of weight, repetition, and pace. It could be that disc that finally pops after a year single-handedly loading boxes that really should have been a two-person job all along, or the pallet that slips and falls on a worker.
Common warehouse injuries include:
On the road, things are different. Truck drivers can get hurt moving freight at a customer’s site, or in motor vehicle accidents, or, say, when a strap snaps or the load shifts. Common driver injuries include:
While the injuries are not the same, the legal path is. If both the warehouse worker and the delivery driver work for the same kind of non-subscriber employer, both will have the same non-subscriber injury claim available to them if the company’s negligence contributed to what happened.
Here are the essential things to do if you get hurt at work, especially if your employer is a non-subscriber:
No, despite your fears, getting injured at work and reporting it will not make you “look bad.” In the Houston warehouse and distribution industry, injuries are part of doing business. The HR director at a large distributor has seen hundreds of injury reports and is not going to flag yours as something unusual. The fear of being known as the worker who “complained” is much bigger inside your own head than it is inside the company.
The retaliation piece, that is, being fired or demoted for filing a claim, is also usually a non-issue. Texas is what is called an “at-will “state. That means that employees work at the will of their employer and can be fired for just about any reason, and at will, as well. Except they cannot legally be fired in retaliation for an injury claim.
Here’s why: Most large Texas distribution companies run their occupational injury benefit plan as a federal ERISA plan, and ERISA law makes it illegal to fire, discipline, or discriminate against an employee for filing a claim or pursuing benefits under that plan. Your employer knows this, HR knows this, and they also know that the penalties for violating the ERISA mandates are significant indeed.
So the likelihood of your employer retaliating against you is slimmer than you may think.
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As stated at the top, because a non-subscriber claim is not a workers’ comp claim, injured workers have the right to sue their employer if their employer’s negligence was a cause for the accident and injury. As such, the categories of damages available are significantly more comprehensive than what the state system would have paid. Those categories include:
It is also important to understand that your case may include claims against parties other than your employer. The law calls these “third-party claims.” For example, the company whose dock was slippery when you delivered, but no one told you, is a “third party.” The good news (if we can call it that) is that when there are additional third-parties potentially to blame, there is also potentially more insurance available and a resulting higher overall ceiling on what you can recover.
Here is the part the dispatcher’s window is not going to tell you: Delaying getting treatment usually only makes matters worse. The “tweak” to your lower back from this morning’s awkward lift is the spinal procedure your health insurance fights you on in a few years. The recurring shoulder twinge you have been treating with ice and Advil is the labrum tear that takes you off your route entirely.
The same delay that can damage your physical health will also erode your legal health. By month nine, the witnesses who were on the dock with you that day have likely moved on to a different distribution center. By year two, the camera footage of the incident has been overwritten on the security loop. The strongest version of your case is the one you can still build when the evidence is fresh.
Under Texas law, the personal-injury statute of limitations is two years, measured from the date you got hurt (or discovered you were hurt.) Two years may sound like plenty of time to make decisions and take action, but in reality it is not. The company’s lawyer started working the file the moment your supervisor typed up the incident report. They did not wait; they are gathering evidence and talking to witnesses right now.
And yes, this should be true for you too. The strongest version of your case is the one built as soon as possible after you were injured. That is why calling a Houston warehouse injury lawyer soon after your injury is the right move.
Nothing.
We at Armstrong Lee & Baker LLP work on contingency. You pay nothing out of pocket while your case is ongoing, and our fee only comes due if a recovery is obtained on your behalf. No recovery, no bill.
When you are ready, we are too. Contact us today to start your free consultation.
C.J. Baker represents victims with serious injuries and he won’t let any corporation or insurance company stop his clients from getting complete justice. He has won millions of dollars for victims of 18-wheeler crashes, oilfield equipment failures, offshore platform explosions, and defective medical devices. Our lawyers have 25+ years of combined experience.


This page has been written, edited, and reviewed by a team of lawyers following our comprehensive editorial guidelines. Our lawyers have more than 20 years of legal experience as personal injury attorneys.
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